Radioactivity
The following downloads will be useful in your preparation for the next exam.
The Nuclear Atom
Fission and Fusion
Radiation and Radioactive Decay
Alpha, beta, and gamma radiation produce different amounts and kinds of damage in matter and have different penetrations.Three mostcommon forms of readioactive decay (alpha, beta, and gamma) and know how the nucleus changes in each type of decay.
Nuclear Energy
:
How Things Work : How Nuclear Energy Works
FISSION
Nuclear FissionFUSION
Fission and Fusion
The energy release per gram of material is much larger in nuclear fision or fission reactions than in chemical reactions..
NUCLEAR WEAPONS
Nuclear Forces
Protons and neutrons in the nucleus are held together by nuclear forces that overcome teh electromagnetic repulsion between the protons
NUCLEAR REACTORS
Naturally occurring isotopes of elements are radioactive, as are isotopes formed in nuclear reactions.
NUCLEAR EQUATIONS
Protons and neutrons have substructures and consist of particles called quarks.
Balancing Nuclear Equations
HALF-LIFE
Radiation: The emission of electromagnetic waves or particles
ReplyDeleteIsotopes: Same element different atomic mass
Helium-4: 2 protons, 2 neutrons
Helium-5: 2 protons, 3 neutrons
forces at work: protons are positively charged; neutrons have no charge
strong nuclear force: it binds nucleons together; range of one nucleons; only attracts nucleons next to it
electromagnetic force: each proton propels other protons; effects every proton; has more dominance than the strong nuclear force
if the nuclei’s have too many neutrons it becomes slightly unstable
strong force interactions: proton-proton; neutron-neutron; proton-neutron (twice as strong)
creates an instability curve
Geiger counter: Picks up radiation; You can date how old the earth is.
As you go up the periodic table, the difference between protons and neutrons will increase. You need way more neutrons to hold together more protons
Radiation works like this:
Alpha decay—positive charge
Helium, cannot even move past a piece of paper
Beta decay—negative charge
Election, will be stopped by aluminum
Gamma decay—no radiation
Energy given off, can only be stopped by soil or lead
Nuclear energy
Based on harnessing the energy released when the atomic nucleus is flipped
Balance of forces within the nucleus is a push pull that stabilizes the nucleus.
Nuclear fission is created when a heavy nucleus can be pushed over the edge by adding one more neutron.
Fossil fuels create enormous qualities of CO2 that has a large effect in fossil climate.
Nuclear effect is a concern
How does nuclear energy work?
ReplyDeleteA nuclear reactor produces electricity in much the same way other power plants do. Some form of energy creates heat, which turns water into steam. The pressure of the steam turns a generator, which produces electricity. The difference is in how the heat is created. Power plants that run on fossil fuels burn coal, oil or natural gas to generate heat. In a nuclear energy facility, heat is produced from splitting atoms – a process called nuclear fission.
Although this idea can be complex, learning about nuclear energy and how plants work is really interesting and important to learn about. We know that nuclear energy is a hugely significant thing that helps in everyday life.
What is nuclear fission?
a nuclear reaction in which a heavy nucleus splits spontaneously or on impact with another particle, with the release of energy.
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay or radioactivity) is the process by which the nucleus of an unstable atom loses energy by emitting radiation, including alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, and conversion electrons. A material that spontaneously emits such radiation is considered radioactive.
Learning about fission and decay seems has helped me seem some of the intricacies behind nuclear activity. Although it can be tedious to learn about, there is something interesting about the scientific design of this subject and how it relates to real life applications.